Eternal Knowledge

[00:00] So so we can just go right? Yep. Yeah. No, that's the whole thing. Let's just go. All right. Well, um, oh
[00:06] No, here's what we do. Okay
[00:08] Happy hundred
[00:11] Happy hundred
[00:13] This is you that was very
[00:16] unsatisfying response
[00:18] Sorry, this is you're like half 300 happy hundred
[00:24] This is our hundredth episode Joey it is a big deal
[00:28] Look I've answered so many questions. Okay, so here's what happened
[00:33] Joey's exhaust
[00:36] hundreds of questions, yeah, right
[00:38] we we started this the
[00:42] Undebeatables like
[00:44] 45 years ago. Mm-hmm. We've been doing it like every day for our entire lives. I can't remember the beginning of it
[00:52] We've just exuding Pacers, but at some point we said, you know, let's do let's branch out. In fact, I remember
[01:00] I think that under Google will started around episode 200. Okay, it's not. I don't know the exact episode
[01:06] It's like, you know 196 or 204 something like that. Sure
[01:12] But what I do remember is that we had talked about we had had things come up during the show
[01:18] Before that that we didn't know how to answer and I said, oh, that's an under Google ball. All right, right and then it became a bit
[01:27] And now the four of us answered questions
[01:30] That Google can't answer. Yeah
[01:33] You're my three smartest friends
[01:36] Just me
[01:38] No, I'm looking at all three of you. Okay, you and your two other personalities
[01:43] Okay, I was like, I don't mean I'll I'll do it you three are my my smartest friends and
[01:49] I come to you with questions and but between all of us we kind of come up with something
[01:54] That's sort of right in general. We have been sort of right and I'd like to ask you before we get into this
[02:01] What is the
[02:03] What's the best thing you've learned? What's the your?
[02:06] Take away from the under Google Bulls
[02:10] Harper
[02:11] What's your favorite thing or your take away from the under Google? What I've learned is that I no longer have memory
[02:21] Remember which ones we've done anymore. It's really kind of embarrassing
[02:25] You just got to read listen to him
[02:27] No, I the most interesting thing I didn't realize how many phrases were like came from
[02:33] Valkyrie and horse racing why is it like Shakespeare's not a shock, right?
[02:38] Like right school great stuff. Not a shock but like horse racing and falconry
[02:42] Yeah, does that stuff?
[02:45] I'm with you. That's been a massive realization for me as well. I think the the heavy reliance on the
[02:51] Pliny's was
[02:53] Okay, you didn't see a lot of plenty of the elder. I thought it was only for beer, but apparently right
[03:00] also a
[03:01] bunch of phrases. Yeah, I just like the awareness of
[03:05] You know these phrases that were just in my vernacular
[03:10] That I never thought about before and then you know, somebody said wait, wait, what? Why do we what is it?
[03:18] Let's force ourselves to talk about it. Yeah. Yeah, that's good
[03:23] and then I think the random of my one of my favorites is
[03:30] Hearing Coalson explain
[03:33] scientific
[03:35] Phenomena or like evolutionary theory
[03:39] Why isn't everything
[03:44] Yeah, just helping you along that path along your journey to
[03:48] You all have helped me with evolution quite a bit for sure
[03:52] although I will say that I think my the height of everything that I have done on this show was having the theory that
[04:02] Zebra stripes was a was a heating and cooling coil theory
[04:06] That is my greatest and then we found out that there's a paper that
[04:12] May be the case I
[04:15] Don't think I've gotten anything else right on this show, but that was my highlight
[04:19] I also was surprised I think by the amount of like a lot of the phrases that
[04:27] They come from just like awful terrible things
[04:31] Sure
[04:32] stuff that you know, we didn't you know, you don't say it like sort of
[04:38] with the
[04:40] implied
[04:42] Terribleness like the things like, you know torture implements
[04:46] That kind of was it was the was the cat of nine kind of nine tails. Yeah
[04:53] Yeah, what let the cat out of the bag was it yeah
[04:57] Which also is I and we never looked this up but the cat has nine lives I assume is the same thing
[05:01] Well, I've just decided that based on our show
[05:06] There was also the
[05:09] The bucket kicked the bucket the bucket was not actually a bucket but it was a board that
[05:15] Strangled that held that animals like that was pretty grim
[05:19] Also one Harper and I did that that's not been released recently
[05:22] Oh, it's been on the beatables, but not on the ogles is
[05:29] Basket case. Yes, that was really grim. Yep. Yeah, that did get grim fast
[05:35] Yeah, these things surprise you have room they can be yeah, did I mention people are awful?
[05:44] I've also I've really enjoyed going back to all of the
[05:50] Holidays the anniversaries of the Easter Bunny and Santa Claus and the tooth fairy freaked me out
[05:59] Everyone has a tooth fairy that's right and I'm gonna teach my kids that it's a mouse that comes to get your teeth
[06:05] It's finally fair doesn't matter
[06:08] I mean, they don't freak me out as a child. But hey, you know, do you is that better than some angelic creature coming?
[06:15] And stealing your teeth too. Like I don't know. What does it matter?
[06:19] Angels are designed specifically to not be scary
[06:23] Whatever screw those ladies
[06:29] Angel demographic
[06:34] All the angels out there like what I do exactly they're a huge part of our demographic
[06:39] I'm very generous of you. Not every angel is a woman. Yeah, that's true. No, I I think that
[06:47] Archangel Michael, right for sure. No, but I'm talking about tooth fairies in general and
[06:52] Do right there not all in his defense. Yeah
[07:02] So I have a so this is the big celebration of the 100th episode which I never thought we'd get to this was kind of a
[07:10] Throw it off to the side. Have a fun thing. That's not like us at all
[07:15] Let's let's have let's have something else that's non basketball for all the people that somehow enjoy our
[07:21] Repartee and don't care about Pacers and apparently there's a group of people that do that
[07:27] So shout out to all of you that have made this this possible. We're now at a hundred episodes
[07:33] Which means things been going on for over two years
[07:36] Does that that doesn't even sound right? Not almost two years shit almost two years
[07:42] Yeah, so
[07:47] 52 weeks in a year. Yeah
[07:49] Yeah, should we doing under Google on it? We've had multiple things on the calendar Coalson. So I I thought you'd be up on this
[07:57] There's so two weeks in a year
[07:59] Right. So that would be that our two years would be 104 episodes, correct? Yeah. Okay, so we're
[08:06] Not all we're not there. Is there a leap week this year?
[08:09] Yes, potentially
[08:11] Well, so actually this this brings up a couple of interesting things because I want to ask some questions about century mark
[08:19] Okay, the century mark
[08:22] Like the century club the drinking game. No, no, I saw a guy lose an eyebrow over that really? Yeah
[08:30] Yeah, just what do you do that? Just one?
[08:34] What's the century drinking game? So the century drinking game is you drink a shot of beer every minute
[08:42] For a hundred minutes. Yeah
[08:44] So it doesn't seem you know, like if you know that seems like a lot here, you know at first it doesn't see
[08:51] Oh sure for the first 20 minutes. It's fine. Right? Yeah, but then it's you know, a hundred ounces of beer in you know
[08:59] Our well a hundred minutes, you know, well it's house and a half. So yeah
[09:04] Okay, 150. Sure. Sure. Okay, so that's what works
[09:10] So we're talking about ten beers
[09:15] So in college Xavier
[09:20] His name would nickname was lurch big deal
[09:25] He got he he success well
[09:28] Successfully in quotes, but he he did he completed the task
[09:33] But got really, you know, he'd like to get very sick
[09:36] No, he'd like he's a big dude. So he like passed out on the couch and they just shave one of his eyebrows off
[09:44] But you can't go on like that, so
[09:48] You know having one eyebrow raises more questions than it answers, right?
[09:51] So
[09:53] Did he have to take the other brow? That's the that's the painful thing is you got to shave your own second one off
[09:58] Yeah, you got to do that one yourself right as a painful reminder of what you've done
[10:03] You know, I actually remember
[10:06] Phil Meath used to tell me that he didn't know what eyebrows were for until he lost both of his
[10:11] and then when he said it's it's to keep
[10:14] The shower water out of your eyes. Okay, that's the main reason for eyebrows
[10:21] I think that's his first appearance on this podcast
[10:32] Phil okay, we got a guest spot for you for sure. We always have an open seat
[10:37] We do it under Google rules. That was the play of super excited told us we had to
[10:56] We signed up for it in the end it's gonna be better and more true than Google can give you
[11:05] So century mark maybe think of a couple things the centaur
[11:14] What do we know about the centaur is it it's a Greek horse half-man
[11:22] Half horse half horse
[11:24] Half horse half man. Is it the top part is the horse in the bottom half of the man?
[11:29] What's what's the what's the front the front half the bottom half and the bottom half is the horse and the top half is a man and
[11:38] then
[11:39] What's that? What's the other thing called? Yeah, if you're a top horse and bottom man, so
[11:46] Is that a tar scent?
[11:49] No
[11:51] Yeah, I think I always envision a centaur is like it's the four legs of the horse and then where the
[11:59] a horse's neck like mane and head would come out is sort of a
[12:05] Human torso a man's turn right and right and everything
[12:11] And I have no I don't I
[12:14] Was listening to stuff you should know the other day and they talked about how they wished they had
[12:20] Paid more attention or had more interest in
[12:24] Mythology when they were in school and I really identified with that cuz I I suck at mythology. I don't know any
[12:34] But I wish I did cuz it's kind of like weird and interesting and
[12:38] Fun, so I know nothing about a centaur. I don't know where they like supposed to be
[12:44] you know
[12:46] good in battle or
[12:48] Like what was their role in the they're another good archers that was like how they they would fight
[12:55] And I think they're very noble creatures
[12:59] Well regarded amongst, you know the other species
[13:05] Very ethical
[13:07] So they're warrior warrior but also
[13:13] Like benevolent. Yeah. Yeah benevolent warriors. Yeah, they're always they're always good, you know good people
[13:19] Okay, or good good tars. I don't know how you
[13:23] Now see, okay, so this is another question I have like I think of Taurus Taurus
[13:31] Which is a bull, correct?
[13:34] Not a horse
[13:36] Yeah, that sounds right
[13:39] So where do I get a centaur and also isn't a centaur a thing? I would play in
[13:45] India
[13:47] Sitar sitar sitar sitar. Okay, that's different. Well, if you you could play a
[13:53] I mean if you're like a you can play a centaur like, you know, love them and leave them, right? Like I
[14:03] Got hate the hate the player not the game right or the game up there certainly about that
[14:08] I need to read
[14:12] But but Taurus Taurus is like bull, right?
[14:15] Right Taurus is bull. So where's where's the okay? Where's the word centaur come from is scent is century
[14:22] so right so scent
[14:24] for century
[14:26] how is that connected to a
[14:29] Centaur scent is also well, it's also a hundred. I know that's what century is
[14:35] But I'm just saying it doesn't happen necessarily be related to
[14:39] Century. Yeah, so like I said like a like a penny is a scent which is a hundredth of a dollar, right?
[14:46] So is scent or a century or bicentennial all that that that is that connected to centaur
[14:54] Is this is the same route, right?
[14:56] and also there's there's a there's a bull involved and
[15:01] There's a half human half horse that came from is it did we decide it was Greek
[15:06] Or is it is it Norse? Is it older than that? I mean it could cross over this on the existing Greek. Yeah
[15:13] Yeah, yeah, I would I would
[15:16] Yeah, but I think that there are a lot so that the stuff you should know upset
[15:20] I just listened to was the mermaid is it
[15:23] Hold the one about mermaids. And so they were talking about there's a lot of these half
[15:29] This and half human hybrid like animal hybrid deals things in lots of mythologies or whatever
[15:37] So, yeah, so I don't I associated with Greek but again, I know I do too and also
[15:44] What's the Disney movie?
[15:47] Moolah Tasia, they're also in Fantasia. Really? Mm-hmm. There's a bunch of centaurs in them
[15:55] It's been old it's been a while
[15:58] You probably also were on drugs when you watched it me and yeah, yeah me and the weekend
[16:05] Is on day quill yeah me and the weekend were
[16:13] Getting at it as they say as they say
[16:18] Okay, what is that? So
[16:20] What about the suffix the second half of the word?
[16:25] Are there other words that in in taller tar
[16:29] All I could get was tourists like a minute. Oh, yeah minotaur. Yeah, what's a minotaur?
[16:35] That's a bull
[16:38] Isn't that like a half bull half man? Yeah, but like a giant
[16:43] Yeah, no, that's like a man with a with a bull head. That's a minotaur. Yeah. Yeah
[16:50] And
[16:52] So I don't know so maybe tar is like it's like how we called, you know, it's like dinosaurs, you know
[16:58] it's a blank a storis rex and so tar is
[17:03] Hybrid means hybrid beast or something. Okay, okay
[17:08] That makes the sort of zodiac Taurus a little confusing
[17:13] It does is the zodiac. Is that Greek or is that Roman? I was thinking I thought it was Roman
[17:23] Yeah, I also thought I was hippie
[17:25] Um
[17:28] Cassia pia. No, I think it goes back to ancient times, right? No, no, I probably all the constellations are named
[17:38] I don't know
[17:39] I don't know like so it's like when the constellations appear in the sky basically, right and like
[17:45] Going back to the greeks probably even mesopotamians like
[17:50] Potentially. Yeah
[17:52] I I do wonder what the with the tar thing if it you know, the greeks didn't have some, you know
[18:00] primitive classification structure
[18:04] And so horses and cows like could potentially be closely related and have a shared of the same
[18:11] Yes, yeah, I like that sure that makes their food their ungulates. Yeah, if you will. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah
[18:20] So then sen
[18:22] And mino, let's see if we can oh see so now it's sent and not sent which makes it different. Yeah
[18:30] So if we're going with tar, right
[18:32] So send could be different not sent
[18:36] Which would keep it from being
[18:38] 100
[18:41] Which makes us irrelevant to our original? Uh
[18:44] hundredth episode things
[18:48] That's why it's under google it's the magic of the game Harper it's the magic of the game
[18:53] The magic of the game
[19:00] I got nothing half man half horse, uh greek
[19:05] and uh
[19:07] And sin means ten
[19:11] And many means one
[19:13] And yaga means birth
[19:16] Meister means meister means meister
[19:20] Okay, it's centaur comes from greek mythology
[19:24] Uh
[19:26] They represent barbarism and unbridled chaos
[19:31] And we're frequently represented in uh sculpture and pottery. Let's see
[19:47] Centaurs were believed to live in the forests of thessaly
[19:51] beyond the laws of man
[19:56] These mythical creatures may actually have had a basis in reality as there was a tradition in thessaly of hunting bulls on horseback
[20:04] And the very word centaur may have originally meant bull killer
[20:08] Hmm
[20:10] So we're actually talking about bulls not horses
[20:13] Yeah
[20:14] Yeah, we are
[20:18] Perhaps the horsemen of thessaly were so skilled that they seemed at one with their horse
[20:23] And so the myth of a single creature was born
[20:28] Minotaurs also ancient creek
[20:32] Mythical creature portrayed in classical times
[20:35] The head and tail of a bull in the body of a man
[20:44] Okay, the etymology
[20:46] The greek word kentauros
[20:48] Is generally regarded as being of obscure origin. This is according to wikipedia
[20:54] The etymology from ken
[20:57] and tauros meaning piercing bull
[21:00] Uh was a euphemistic no euhemerist suggestion
[21:06] in
[21:07] uh
[21:09] Fatis's real rationalizing text on greek mythology. Yeah
[21:14] that one
[21:19] Another possible related etymology can be bulls later
[21:26] um, so the uh
[21:28] Boy, the mythology behind the centaur is pretty
[21:31] Intense, how do I say that word izion ixion ixion
[21:38] Fell in love with the goddess
[21:40] Hera wife of zeus and so zeus decided trick
[21:44] izion
[21:45] And made a cloud and shaped it
[21:49] to look like his wife and called her
[21:52] uh
[21:53] Nephilae, yeah
[21:55] um, and then so uh nephilae and uh
[21:59] ixion consummated their love and resulted in a deformed child named centaurus
[22:08] Uh, centaurus mated with the wild mares of the forest
[22:12] And therefore this union created the half human half horse centaurs
[22:15] So
[22:18] Yeah, that's fun
[22:26] Yeah, I literally have no idea if we answered your question
[22:29] I don't think we did
[22:31] So the origin the most common theory holds that the idea of centaurs came from the reaction of a non-writing culture
[22:38] As in the minoan Aegean world to nomads who were mounted on horses
[22:44] The theory suggests that writers would appear as half man half animal
[22:47] Okay, sure
[22:50] Bernal diaz del castillo reported that the Aztecs also had this misapprehension of about spanish cavalrymen
[22:58] Hmm. Wow humans are real dumb
[23:01] Yeah
[23:02] What um, so you were gonna say something about the minotaur there, uh Harper and then we cut you off
[23:07] Oh, no, not at all. I I mean it just
[23:11] It's a lot of stuff that we learned a long time ago and probably forgot like ovid
[23:15] Um, you know minotaur at the center of the labyrinth
[23:21] Um, oh, yeah data lists
[23:28] And minotaur i'm guessing comes from minnow being like of the minoan
[23:35] Civilization right and like
[23:38] So the word minotaur derives from ancient greek. It's a compound of yeah, exactly minos and
[23:45] And bull so bull of minos
[23:48] Yeah, uh in crete the minotaur was known by the name a starian
[23:52] A name shared with minos's foster father and a truscan
[23:56] the minotaur had the name
[24:00] Characters that aren't english
[24:07] I'm gonna go with uh, oovre minis probably
[24:12] What is that? That's a theta, isn't it? Save room in us
[24:18] There you go
[24:20] But yeah, basically spread across the uh greek classical time period area
[24:27] Shows up in dante's inferno. Oh i'm seeing here that the centaurs were not good with alcohol
[24:35] They uh
[24:38] They they got real crazy real fast
[24:41] So they weren't as noble as you thought they were well when they were so words
[24:45] They were lightweights
[24:48] One centaur got drunk almost instantly and tried to run away with a bride
[24:54] Nice like at a wedding not great
[24:57] It's not a good look
[24:59] Right the other centaurs suddenly that drunken frenzy attempted to force themselves on the female cast. Oh, no, boy
[25:06] Yeah, that took a turn
[25:08] It did got dark real fast as these things often do all etymology
[25:13] And certainly all mythology does it's like where did this come where this phrase come from? Oh, oh
[25:23] Yeah horse on woman rape
[25:25] Yeah, that's all right. That's what we got it was attempted. It sounds like yeah, they they i'm sure that it was fine
[25:30] I'm sure it was great. Yeah
[25:32] So moving on
[25:34] another
[25:36] Scent question I asked I mentioned earlier the penny
[25:39] The cent which is the 100th of the dollar
[25:47] It was so fast
[25:50] You gotta clear your queue man, so then you can just go search through
[25:58] Um, so, um, I guess this is a larger question about
[26:06] uh
[26:08] Money, right?
[26:10] Um
[26:11] When did we come up with the penny? Why does it have a brilliant ham lincoln on it?
[26:15] I know that the penny costs more to make than to than it's worth
[26:20] um, also
[26:22] When we're talking about
[26:24] Century, we got the hundred dollar bill
[26:27] Um, who's on the bill why what's going on? Isn't that a isn't that a jefferson or hamilton or uh,
[26:35] Or a or uh franklin, it's benjamin franklin. That's what those are
[26:39] Yeah, um
[26:42] You know, um, what why why when did these things get decided in our history as america?
[26:48] Um, let's talk briefly about uh american currency
[26:53] Okay
[26:54] So no question we're just right
[26:57] Let's just let's grab about uh money. Yeah, no, because I like okay like for example like when's like, uh
[27:04] What's the most recent decision we made?
[27:07] um about
[27:10] Figurehead on a on a monetary on a piece of money
[27:16] Uh harry tubman is
[27:18] Placing jackson on the 20 on the 20s, but she hasn't that hasn't happened yet. Correct, right?
[27:26] Yeah, so that's upcoming probably anything that happened on a two dollar bill
[27:30] Yeah, right. Yeah, the two dollar and then they did that whole thing with the quarters like a while
[27:34] Where they made the states. Oh, yeah. No, there's always weird stuff happening with quarters
[27:41] But uh, there's still uh, take that dc washington's still on the quarter though, right?
[27:47] Yeah, uh, yeah washington is yeah, wash the uh, washington is always on one side and then the flip side
[27:54] changed, uh
[27:56] lincoln's on the penny, uh
[28:00] Who's on the the nickel jefferson?
[28:03] Jefferson, uh fdr is on the dime
[28:08] I believe so. Yeah
[28:11] And then uh jfk is on the 50 cent piece or is he the dollar piece it's uh 50 cent piece. Yeah
[28:18] Yeah
[28:19] and then
[28:20] sakagawea
[28:22] or
[28:23] Sakagawea, I think around the dollar coin, which you don't see a dollar coin
[28:31] No, uh, so the so mike
[28:34] Okay, so
[28:36] all of europe
[28:38] I do know that so when when the united states became their own thing
[28:44] There's a big problem because basically every state
[28:47] Was like issuing their own money and then at some point there was a
[28:53] Huge collapse was a jackson that had to like shut down everything and was like
[28:58] All right guys
[28:59] Like the banks are going crazy because we have no it's because different currencies have different value
[29:05] And so we got to come up with a national bank
[29:09] And so I think that happened in the early to mid
[29:14] 19th century, right
[29:17] Well, isn't that what uh
[29:20] Hamilton and well, they are
[29:26] I forget who I think hamilton wanted a national nationalized bank
[29:30] bank, but didn't
[29:33] He certainly figured out a way to lend people money
[29:36] That was important, right?
[29:39] Yeah
[29:40] But we didn't have a nationalized currency until you're saying jackson. That's a good I like that guess
[29:47] I mean, I don't know. I mean, maybe it went
[29:50] Earlier than that. I have no idea
[29:52] I mean it makes sense if you're designing a country
[29:55] Like one of the things you would want to do is say like, okay
[29:58] We have the ability to print money right and like this is the only currency that will be allowed
[30:05] And one of the things that happened during the revolutionary war is that we couldn't get people to take
[30:10] American money. They all wanted the british pound
[30:13] Right, so I suspect
[30:15] That once we had american broke away, we would have rectified that pretty quickly
[30:21] I would have thought because that was like a legit logistical issue
[30:26] Right, right
[30:28] Yeah, and he and we would have wanted to be able to take on debt so that we could
[30:33] Finance things. Yeah
[30:37] Naturalizing the banks was pretty important in the in the very beginning. Yeah
[30:44] So
[30:45] Yeah, probably very early. I mean i'd go with
[30:51] Yeah, very early 19th century
[30:56] Right
[30:59] And then so because you have to have a u.s currency right before you have the penny right and then the question is when do you start?
[31:07] Like what are the first currencies that come out I would imagine that the penny you think
[31:13] Would be one of the first denominations. I don't know. Yes. I agree with that
[31:18] like a dollar would be
[31:20] Hyper valuable at is is the
[31:25] 1806 right is the pence british
[31:28] Or is that american the pence and the half pence?
[31:32] Is that british or six pence sing a song of six pence? Yeah. No, I think that's british. She that's british. Okay
[31:40] so the penny is potentially the first
[31:44] American I mean I suspect that we probably came out with
[31:49] pennies nickels and
[31:51] At least dimes all at once maybe I mean, okay for many for a lot
[31:55] I mean, I I don't know when the first paper money came around
[31:59] But forever people were just you know mint and gold
[32:03] coins, right
[32:05] Yeah, or whatever valuable. I mean a nickel is a nickel because it was made out of nickel exactly right and like pennies are bronze
[32:14] Copper copper recently now there's zinc I think
[32:18] most I think there's like a little bit of copper in there, but
[32:21] Maybe not mainly zinc now. Yeah
[32:24] And so obviously at that time we weren't rocking fiat money we were just rocking
[32:30] Something on the gold standard for sure, right? Yeah, so probably we didn't start printing paper money until we were
[32:40] So much off that we weren't off the gold standard until the the depression
[32:45] Until after the yeah, that was we were on the gold standard until then right
[32:51] For sure, and there was definitely paper money
[32:54] Pre yeah, there must be a war pre-civil war. I mean
[32:59] Yeah, yeah
[33:01] So sometime between the creation of the country and the civil war so we have got a hundred years to make money
[33:09] Um well to make paper money
[33:11] Make me paper because in a sense paper money is pretty fiat, right?
[33:16] Like it doesn't have any like it's paper doesn't have any intrinsic value. It's not a quote. Right?
[33:21] Yeah, exactly, right
[33:24] So, I mean you would think that there'd certainly be a period of establishment
[33:29] Of you know actual coin money before you can make people believe in the paper stuff, right?
[33:35] well, right and I think more so just like the value of
[33:42] Like most everyday transactions at that time would have been
[33:46] very small in value, so like
[33:49] there's no way that your your average Joey six pack is
[33:54] you know
[33:55] Shilling out. Yeah, I mean a $50 bill or whatever
[33:59] Mini nails. Yeah, yeah, like three nickels or something
[34:05] Are shillings involved do we have shilling? Did we have shillings for it?
[34:10] That's my question about penses and half penses. Yeah, what do we have because the thing is is like
[34:20] After after the civil war you've got
[34:23] The gold rush
[34:25] And then by the turn of the century you got robber barons. So like there's so much money in this country at that point
[34:32] that like
[34:34] It's worth stealing
[34:38] So we made the area
[34:40] So I think clearly there was so my guess is that there were
[34:45] denominations of coin
[34:47] Far links that happened good. Yeah far things
[34:51] Quickly after the creation of the country
[34:54] Uh
[34:56] And I I think if i'm remembering right, I think they competed with state based currencies
[35:02] And then eventually they said okay
[35:04] Let's get rid of these state-based currencies. Yeah, that feels right
[35:08] um
[35:11] At some point there there had to be a
[35:14] Re-examination of who was on what denomination right? So that's that because there was
[35:20] There was not a president on the original penny, right? I mean there was something else
[35:25] Um, there was what was that? Was it just a coin? I mean, I don't know what was on that
[35:30] I had to say the us government on it was famously a buffalo nickel
[35:33] Right buffalo nickel for sure which are but I thought that was always on the back
[35:38] No, I mean, I don't know
[35:41] I don't know
[35:42] But I know that fdr wasn't around
[35:46] When they made the first dime
[35:48] Yeah
[35:49] Right also, I thought it was eisenhower for most of my life. Is it true men on that time?
[35:55] No, no, it's it's fdr
[35:57] Okay
[35:58] Yeah, and then I hope so
[35:59] Um, and then truman's, okay
[36:02] I know we got right
[36:05] We've got um
[36:08] washington on the dollar bill
[36:10] We got uh jefferson on the $2 bill. We got lincoln on the $5 bill
[36:16] Uh, who's on the 10?
[36:19] Hamilton hamilton, I think hamilton and then jackson's on the 20. Yeah, let's just say give me some hammies
[36:27] And then uh franklin's on the on the 100
[36:32] And who's on the 10?
[36:36] Grants on the 50 who's on the 10 000 dollar bill there's no 10 000 dollar bills there
[36:40] No, there's who's on the no
[36:43] There's never been a denomination over a hundred
[36:46] Who's on the thousand dollar bill?
[36:49] There's jay coleson
[36:52] I mean if you'll buy it
[36:55] Yeah, i'll put whoever just named him franklin's
[37:04] Is that right there's never been a
[37:07] Done an nomination over a hundred dollars
[37:11] Not to my knowledge certainly isn't now so it's got to be sometime after
[37:20] um
[37:22] At least fdr
[37:24] Which would be after we come off the gold standard that we
[37:27] Decide all of these presidents. They're going to be on these things
[37:29] Also, it's there's very few presidents that were going between right or I mean, I know that benjamin flakeman's not a president but
[37:37] um, you know
[37:38] You're you're going with a lot of founding fathers and then a lot of lincoln
[37:43] Moving from back and forth on these things
[37:46] um
[37:47] So it feels like these decisions were made and locked in a long time ago
[37:50] Like we don't have like the reagan quarter or whatever
[37:55] So you can buy uh, I think on these late night tv shows you can buy you probably can't buy a lincoln coin
[38:02] At least i'm sorry reagan coin. Yeah. No, I think I mean, I think that they make them now because people would just like buy them
[38:09] right
[38:12] So those are like the
[38:14] commemorative plates
[38:16] sure
[38:18] for skeet shooting
[38:20] No
[38:21] For putting in a cabinet and never doing anything with them
[38:24] Okay, so according to the burlington county library system
[38:32] the uh
[38:35] First one cent coin
[38:38] Uh struck was in 1787 by a private mint
[38:45] Uh, this penny known as the fugio cent was 100% copper
[38:51] Hmm and this composition would continue until the mid 1800s
[38:58] Uh in 1856 the flying eagle cent was introduced
[39:04] I'm trying to look uh, let's see. So it looked like the original penny
[39:10] I can't even tell what's on the front side. There's like a sun
[39:14] shining and
[39:16] Who knows what's going on and then a backside. There's a bunch of rings. I assume this is all like, um,
[39:21] Uh, who are the guys knight's templar masonic imagery or something? Okay. Okay. Anyway 1856 flying eagle cent was introduced
[39:32] um
[39:35] Blah blah blah blah, it was smaller than the fugio cent and instead of 100 this coin was 88%
[39:41] copper
[39:44] In 1859
[39:47] the indian head cent
[39:50] Was uh minted
[39:52] And it was 95% copper
[39:57] in 1909
[39:59] Abraham lincoln was the first historical figure to be featured on a us coin
[40:04] Nice when he was portrayed on the penny for his 100th birthday
[40:09] nice
[40:11] The lincoln penny was also the first coin to feature the phrase in god we trust
[40:16] Uh in 1958 a new design
[40:20] featured the
[40:21] lincoln memorial
[40:24] On the back of the penny released on his 150th birthday
[40:30] Uh, and then in 2010
[40:32] The back of the penny was redesigned to feature a union shield
[40:39] so in 1775 when the revolution war became inevitable the continental congress authorized the issuance of currency to finance the
[40:48] conflict
[40:49] Paul revere made the first plates for this continental currency
[40:53] really
[40:56] He did a bunch of stuff I guess what's that he did a bunch of stuff paul revere
[41:00] Yeah, paul revere was a busy little bit. Yeah, it was
[41:03] After the u.s constitution was ratified congress passed the mint act of april 2nd 1792
[41:09] Which established the coinage system of the united states and the dollar as the principal unit of currency
[41:14] By the sect the us became the first country in the world to adopt the decimal system for currency
[41:20] Suck it metric
[41:23] The first us coins were struck in 1793 at the philadelphia mint and presented to martha washington
[41:30] The government did not issue paper money until
[41:33] 1861
[41:35] Wow
[41:36] In interim years, however gumma did issue treasury notes intermittently during periods of financial stress such as war of 1812
[41:42] the mexican war of 1846 and the panic of 1857
[41:46] But you guys killed it. You said that uh paper money wasn't really a thing until civil war. So you guys nailed that
[41:53] Nicely done
[41:54] How about this? Okay, i'm gonna do a start of the week. Oh what the inside and under google?
[42:00] I don't know if this is coming before. I don't know. Do I have to play the jingle?
[42:03] I don't know what's gonna happen. This is the whole thing explode
[42:07] I'm done. It's the hundredth episode hundred episode all the rules are out the window
[42:11] Joey start of the week
[42:15] The most expensive expensive penny sold at auction was in 2015 for 2.6 million dollars. Oh my god
[42:22] That's a lot more than one cent
[42:24] Yeah, it was the birch cent. It was a penny made in 1792 named after the engraver its engraver robert birch
[42:33] There was 10 similar coins
[42:37] um
[42:38] So it's only one of 10 that's why it's worth so much money. I mean, it's also from 1792. Sure. Okay
[42:45] It features a profile face representing miss liberty
[42:48] Um framed by I think this is interesting framed by a motto that was later abandoned liberty parent of science and industry
[42:58] The not in not in god we trust
[43:02] Interesting, uh, yeah, we should have picked up on this. So uh, apparently ben franklin designed
[43:08] the first penny
[43:10] Uh, and he is uh, coined the phrase, of course a penny saved is a penny earned right?
[43:16] Of course, he did say that back that far
[43:20] During the early penny making years the us mint was so short on copper
[43:24] It accepted copper utensils nails and scrap from the public to meltdown for coins
[43:33] right and
[43:34] um
[43:35] and now again, uh pennies are
[43:38] Yeah, more expensive to make than they are worth. Yeah, and they are 2.5 copper
[43:44] Okay
[43:45] You gotta have
[43:47] Jason here's an in my face for you under congressional acts of 1878 and 1886 five different issues of silver certificates were produced
[43:55] ranging from one to
[43:57] 1000 dollar notes
[44:01] The treasury exchanged silver certificates for silver dollars because the size and weight of the silver coins
[44:07] Made them unpopular. The last series of silver certificates was issued in 1923
[44:13] However, the last series of modern silver certificates produced were in the series
[44:18] Uh, whoa
[44:20] Where are they going here?
[44:23] 1957 maybe
[44:26] Yeah, they went to a replace here
[44:29] Okay
[44:31] so
[44:32] The first jefferson nickel was issued in 1938 replacing the buffalo nickel
[44:38] Okay
[44:40] 38 okay fdr is on the dime
[44:46] uh
[44:50] Which was first minted, uh in 1946 the year after roosevelt passed
[44:56] Okay
[44:57] makes sense
[45:01] Who was on the dime before him do we know good question
[45:04] uh
[45:05] Uh, the mercury dime was in circulation since 1916. I don't know what that means but that seems bad
[45:13] Uh, yeah, exactly
[45:15] uh
[45:16] Very tasty though. Don't suck on the mercury dies. The washington quarter dollar was minted in 1932 in celebration of
[45:26] uh
[45:27] washington's 200th birthday
[45:32] so this is a bunch of fdr trying to
[45:35] Figure out the depression right 32 and 38
[45:42] Yeah, all right. So since this introduction in 1796 the dime has been issued in six different major types
[45:51] excluding the 1792
[45:53] dismay type
[45:56] Which you're aware of so we'll skip over that
[45:59] We've got the jake bust don't talk down to me the capped bust ceded liberty barber winged liberty head
[46:05] mercury
[46:07] and roosevelt starting in 1946
[46:10] Hmm
[46:12] I've got some uh, some interesting numbers here
[46:15] Uh, this is uh the fiscal year 2020
[46:18] But the unit costs to produce the some coins
[46:22] Uh, so the penny costs
[46:25] 1.51 cents to produce and distribute. Oh, it's cheaper than I thought
[46:29] Yeah, it does vary from year to year. It usually ranges between uh, a set and a half to two cents
[46:35] um the nickel costs six point five three
[46:40] cents, so also a losing proposition
[46:44] The dime just where you make it up. You make it up on the back end
[46:48] the dime
[46:49] Is uh, three point two six cents nice. So that's way under and the quarter
[46:55] Cost seven point six cents. Oh, that's where you make it up. Yeah
[47:01] Okay
[47:04] So why don't why can't we just move to quarters? Have we figured this out? Why can't we get rid of coins?
[47:11] Why are there coins?
[47:15] That's the under google bowl
[47:17] That's the true under google
[47:20] Right, it's true. I could just wave my phone at stuff and it pays for things. It's a real thing that happens
[47:26] Yeah, yeah. Yeah. Yeah also bitcoin's a thing now and that doesn't even exist
[47:32] That's how it works right oh wait
[47:35] I like you food. I'd like to hear you explain to me
[47:39] Not today so
[47:42] Enjoy the uh
[47:44] Advances in technology where you can use your phone to pay or credit card and and i'm i don't use cash often
[47:50] but
[47:51] I wonder if you guys are similar to me and that if you go to a place that does not accept cash
[47:59] I get irrationally upset at that place. Oh, oh I do too. Okay. This is legal tender
[48:05] Right, right. It's like it says on the thing by law. It's good for any debt
[48:10] Public or private like you can't not take my money
[48:15] Who does that? Where do you guys go where they don't take? Not often anywhere during covid probably
[48:21] Yeah, I first encountered it in new york. I
[48:25] Took a bus up there
[48:27] Got out was super tired was like, oh, let me go get a coffee found a coffee shop went in there
[48:32] You know bought a you know, two dollar cup of coffee
[48:36] And they're like, yeah, we don't take cash. I was like, are you kidding me? Really? And then i've encountered it a few times
[48:43] Um, I mean the thing is is they have to pay a fee every time they run a credit card
[48:48] Like why wouldn't they just prefer cash? They're not that
[48:50] So they don't get robbed. Yeah, they don't get robbed and then think about you know at the end of the day you have to spend
[48:58] How much time
[48:59] balancing the cash register
[49:01] Yeah, it costs a lot less to pay a peon to count your cash register than it does
[49:06] All the fees you pay every time the credit you run a credit card. I mean probably yeah, but
[49:11] Yeah, it definitely depends on how much money you're moving
[49:14] Yeah, that's true. That's true. But i'm just saying it's new york. It's new york, uh, peons
[49:20] That's your indiana peons. Sure. I mean 1.5 percent of two dollars is three cents
[49:27] So that's a lot cheaper than a human to count
[49:30] Right, but when you start adding those numbers up
[49:33] Six nine
[49:38] Math is hard for me
[49:41] Any well, uh happy happy hybrid y'all did we learn some stuff?
[49:46] No, totally. I don't know marginally we did now
[49:49] But the problem as Harper brought up at the beginning is we will forget it in a week or two
[49:53] Well, no, but but here's the deal and I want to I feel I feel like a hundred episodes in this is the most important thing to
[49:59] To uh to say about this show
[50:01] If you just listen to it regularly, you'll start remembering this stuff
[50:05] So just put our show on repeat. We got a hundred episodes
[50:08] Whoa, let's do it all the time
[50:10] Every time you brush your teeth every time you take a shower just learn something relearn something. That's I feel like that's a big ass
[50:17] Watch i'm not saying they have to i'm just saying if you want to remember it
[50:20] I'm just saying like just learn it and then remember most I just say a lot, you know
[50:25] Every show you listen to they're like, you know, like and subscribe. Tell your friends. No, you're like, no, no, no
[50:29] Put our show on repeat
[50:32] What i'm saying is a lot of shows that you listen to are probably
[50:37] About the news or about what happened yesterday, and this is eternal knowledge that you're gaining right now
[50:43] You can listen to this anytime anywhere and it's relevant. That's all i'm saying
[50:49] Okay
[50:50] So listen to this now tomorrow
[50:53] And for the rest of your life
[50:56] Do you see it to see this out Joey? What happens here here?
[51:00] We should here's 200
[51:02] You think we should here's 200 more you think we should put it on wax so you can
[51:08] You don't have a physical copy of this since it's it's knowledge. That's for the ages
[51:13] We should do it like that
[51:15] Let's just print one copy
[51:17] And sell it for a billion dollars. Yeah, we'll submit it
[51:22] Uh, or we'll trade it for a 1792 penny. Okay. Yeah
[51:28] Hey, I will take I will take this for a 1792 penny. Yeah, um
[51:35] I think we're worth that
[51:38] We are worth what the market will pay for us. It's true
[51:42] Which at this point is zero
[51:44] No, it's it's about 40 dollars. Yeah
[51:48] It's not accurate
[51:49] Yeah
[51:52] You're saying that i'm worth more than a penny. I mean not a 1792 penny, but a modern day penny i'm worth more than a nickel
[52:00] Sure
[52:02] You're already starting to be concerned
[52:05] I was going to try to give you up to 25 dollars and you were like now i'm already concerned at a nickel. So
[52:11] I'm gonna say that i'm as good as a dime
[52:13] Cut your losses there walk away. That's right. I'm gonna say i'm i'm gonna walk away because i'm worth a dime a month
[52:19] I will say
[52:20] You're worth more you're worth at least the uh, uh, the face
[52:25] The face value of the dime and and not the production cost of like three cents
[52:31] Fair so very good to go
[52:34] Yeah, that's very generous. Yeah, you're good to go
[52:38] You're a benevolent host. I'm more benevolent than the senator's
[52:44] What what's the name what's the name of the sitar?
[52:47] What's the guitar right sitar the sitar?
[52:51] See, I didn't learn anything even in this show
[52:55] I'll just listen to it again. It'll be fine
[52:57] All right
[52:59] Turn up lots
[53:02] Happy birthday, happy birthday. All right. I guess we stop it now. Yeah sure