The Undegooglables
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Episode 13 · November 2, 2019

Early to Bed, Early to Rise

The hosts dig into the history of daylight saving time, including Indiana's late adoption and the role of railroads in standardizing time.

“It's for the sake of confusion. This is primary purpose.” (02:49)

Questions

What is the history of daylight saving time, and what is it for? (02:49)

Our guess
Started by Benjamin Franklin to help farmers; standardized time came from trains; Indiana adopted it in the mid-2000s.
Reveal the answer
The answer
Franklin only suggested Parisians save candles by waking earlier. George Hudson proposed modern DST in 1895; Germany and Austria-Hungary first used it nationally in 1916, with Port Arthur, Ontario trying it in 1908. The US adopted it under FDR in 1942 and standardized rules with the Uniform Time Act of 1966. A 2008 study found Indiana's adoption raised household electricity use by 1-4%.
Verdict partly

Listen to the episode

Transcript (auto-generated)
[00:00] Hey, real quick, this is ... speaking of being out of shape, I forgot to mention this at the
[00:06] top of either of the two shows this week, but we are doing ... at least Chase and I
[00:13] are hoping to get Coalson on board. We're doing the Drumstick Dash on Thanksgiving Day morning,
[00:21] and the Undebeatables have a team. It's a short ... it's a 2.75 or 4-5 mile race, but
[00:29] it is a benefit for Wheeler Mission. It's, I think, the biggest fundraiser for the year,
[00:35] so that gives them a lot of their operating money. It's for good cause, so you can join
[00:40] our team, and we're not going to be competing real hard, but it's more just to go out and
[00:45] have fun, and to raise some money for a good thing. So, check our social medias for the
[00:53] link to our team, and if you don't want to join our team, you know, you just join.
[00:58] Then suck it. You're saying you're not competing very hard, but you don't know if Jason's coming
[01:04] or not. No, he'll be there. He'll be there. I'm hoping Coalson will be there. No, I'm
[01:09] going to be in Denver. Sorry. Well, good. There's another option for people like ... Fleeing
[01:13] the State. There's people who won't be able to make it. You can actually just donate through
[01:19] the same page. Give money. For Go, you're ... Can I sponsor you guys? Yep. Is that a thing?
[01:26] Absolutely. Do you have to win for the payout sort of thing? It's a lottery. No payouts.
[01:38] So, we'll be doing that this year. This is why Coalson's not allowed to run
[01:41] not-for-profit. But how do I win, though? That's right. So, wait. This money is going
[01:50] to Wheeler Mission, but how do I win? How do I get out of it? Fantastic. You can redeem yourself,
[02:02] Coalson. It's time for an under-Google Bowl. Oh, are we doing under-Google Bowls? That was
[02:14] the play of Super Excited. Who told us we had to, sir? He said we signed up for it.
[02:23] In the end, it's going to be better and more true than Google can give you.
[02:29] What do you got first this week? I grew up in Indiana, as did the three of you.
[02:37] When I went up to college with Harper, I remember my mind was blown when they changed the
[02:42] time. I did not compute. I didn't know if I was supposed to fall forward and leap back or
[02:49] whatever. We just had daylight savings time the other day, just today, actually.
[02:57] Hey, what's the deal with daylight saving time? Can I get a little history? Do we
[03:01] know when it started? Do we know what it's for? What do we got? Good question.
[03:09] It's for the sake of confusion. This is primary purpose.
[03:15] I think it was started by Benjamin Franklin,
[03:21] he was being supported by the farmers. The farmers didn't want to, they are very bound
[03:28] to their alarm clocks. If the sun started rising earlier, they'd start their day earlier,
[03:34] they had to change their clocks instead of just getting up.
[03:37] Well, probably, Ben Franklin had stock in these alarm clock companies, right?
[03:40] Yeah, it's definitely what happened. Yeah, it's a good call.
[03:43] It's a money grab. It's a money grab.
[03:45] Follow the money, yes. Follow the money.
[03:48] You spoke with authority. Do you know something about this? Do you feel like Benjamin Franklin
[03:53] is the initiator? No, I vaguely remember this being his idea. But I've also heard
[04:02] things about how the farmers, they need to change the clock so the farmers can
[04:10] get up at the right time. But I always just thought that was dumb. Just get up earlier.
[04:15] You don't need to change up my clock. Just get up at, if you need to get up at six o'clock.
[04:18] Just get up when you need to get up. Yeah, you don't need to change your clock
[04:22] to figure it out. Just to get up on the city clock.
[04:23] You want to get up at 5.30? Just get up at 5.30.
[04:27] Well, so the only thing that I know for sure, because like I said,
[04:30] I spent my entire life not really knowing about this, is that it was right after I moved out of
[04:37] India. 2005, 2006, Indiana went to actually time change. Actually went to Daylight Saving Time.
[04:49] They had the choice to go with Central Standard Time or with Eastern Standard Time,
[04:55] and they went with New York to piss off Chicago. That's the only thing I know.
[05:00] I'm not sure why Indiana had a choice. I assume that it's because
[05:04] it's not a federal law to follow Daylight Saving Time.
[05:10] Well, clearly it's not, right? We grew up and we didn't have to observe it, right?
[05:14] But there is interestingly, until like the 60s, there was no, I guess, obligatory
[05:22] observance of Daylight Saving Time or something like that, or really standardized time.
[05:30] So could you just do it whenever?
[05:33] Yeah, exactly. So there would be, you know, within the same building, you could go from floor to
[05:38] floor and it would be five o'clock on one floor and six o'clock on another floor.
[05:42] It was just confusion. And then Lyndon Johnson signed some bill in the 60s that said like,
[05:48] look, if you're residing in the bounds of a state, you have to abide by that state's like,
[05:55] whatever. That was in the 60s?
[05:57] Codified time. Yeah, it was in the 60s.
[05:59] Wow. But that's, I mean, that's interesting because there's still
[06:01] our small sample sets in places. Like before we went to Daylight Savings Time in
[06:06] Southwestern Indiana near Louisville, they had fast time, slow time, right?
[06:13] Because our time wasn't changing and Kentucky was on Daylight Savings, right?
[06:20] So if you were in a county that was near there, you had it, but if you cross that
[06:24] a county line, then you would no longer have Daylight Savings. So it's not even a state law,
[06:30] right? It's apparently codified by counties. And I think there's still a place in Arizona or
[06:34] something where that happens.
[06:35] Yeah, there's something I read in this article that was like, if you took a,
[06:38] you could take a one hour drive from somewhere in Ohio to somewhere in West Virginia,
[06:44] and you would cross seven times, or the time would change seven times.
[06:51] So I do remember during when, when, when India had gone, I think Mitch Daniels was the
[06:57] governor at the time. And I think just to get the, get the Hoosiers ready for this,
[07:03] to get it done the way he wanted to do it. He let the counties choose in Indiana when we went to it.
[07:11] But it was, it was the decisions that were poor enough that the federal government did,
[07:16] they did get involved because it was, because they were choosing, like it was totally haphazard.
[07:21] Yeah, it was exactly. It was like one, you know, it basically would alternate counties
[07:25] between time zones. And so, you know, we're not, we're not doing that. Like I do understand,
[07:30] like Harper, you said like down by Louisville, they can be on Louisville time,
[07:35] cities or counties near Chicago. Chicago there. I get it. But you can't just do it however you want.
[07:45] So I agree with Joey. I do remember something about Ben Franklin in this mix. Certainly think
[07:52] that there's something to do with farmers. Benjamin Franklin used to have that Almanac thing.
[07:56] That was like his big printing press thing. Like he's the farmer's Almanac guy. So I, you know,
[08:02] I'm with all that. What strange, what strange to me though, about the lack of consistency though,
[08:09] is I, I thought that there was probably also some aspect of train travel involved because
[08:17] we didn't have standard time at all until we had to run trains really.
[08:20] Yeah. So that's two different things. The standard time
[08:23] yeah, came about because of trains basically. So because you could within the same town,
[08:30] it could be like 1205 in one building and 1235 in another building or something. Really? Yes.
[08:37] There were, yeah, there was no standard time until like the 1850s or something like that.
[08:43] Okay. It was later than you wanted it to be.
[08:47] I'm real nervous now. And so then people had to catch trains. So then they
[08:51] had to set up standard time and time zones, I believe, but I don't,
[08:55] I don't think daylight saving time was enacted until like the early 20th century is what I was.
[09:01] Okay. So I was, so you've got the thing on the sixties. I was thinking like,
[09:06] this is like a Mayan thing or like some Aztec or like, you know, like some sort of like,
[09:11] they wouldn't, the Mayans would never come up with anything this insane.
[09:17] No, I just feel like somebody was like, all right, it's getting
[09:20] dark earlier. Let's change our time. Well, you need, I feel like you need time.
[09:24] It's an idea that's been around for a long time.
[09:26] You need an actual time piece in order to set the time. And the Mayans never had time pieces.
[09:31] All right. Yeah. Time is a construct. Like, no, I understand this construct,
[09:35] but people kept time. Like, like, I mean, at some point you've got to be like,
[09:38] so not in the sense that you do though. Right. Well, no, in fact, I understand that.
[09:44] In fact, I would not be late anymore if we didn't have time, which would be nice,
[09:48] but I feel like at some point, somebody started to come up with time, right?
[09:52] Who's the first people to come up with like standardized or not standardized time,
[09:55] but like time pieces, right? Like, like, oh God, time piece soonness, but so, okay.
[10:01] So daylight saving time, according to Wikipedia, some dude named George Hudson proposed the idea
[10:08] in 1895. So this has been frankly, I think it's a myth. Yeah. 1895.
[10:15] The German empire and Austria-Hungary organized the first nationwide implementation starting on
[10:22] April 30th, 1916. So daylight savings time has used it at various times.
[10:27] Social and so we need to drop it immediately. No, that's the 1916. And my, if I'm right,
[10:33] that's war, World War One, right? So that's, that's basically to organize war.
[10:41] Yeah. It's an energy savings thing. Yeah. It's an energy savings thing.
[10:44] For war?
[10:48] No, I mean, the idea was just generally, I think, right? Okay. All right.
[10:55] I don't know. Certainly during war time, you get a little bit more
[10:58] cognizant of these things. Yeah. What we used to.
[11:05] So 1916, the Germans, huh? Or, but you're giving it some, what was the 1880 guy? What was his name?
[11:16] George Hudson. Okay. So, uh, to get your time pieces thing, Romans kept time with water clocks.
[11:26] So they probably did daylight savings then.
[11:33] Well, they had different. It was George M. S. Hudsonius had the idea in, uh,
[11:39] AD 130. So in 1942, at the height of World War II, uh, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, uh, reintroduced the
[11:49] measure of daylight savings time in the United States. Okay. So here's your Ben Franklin. He,
[11:56] he liked, uh, early to bed, early to rise, makes him unhealthy, wealthy and wise. Uh, and he, uh,
[12:03] suggested that Parisians economize candles by waking up earlier to use more morning sunlight.
[12:13] So that's sort of maybe the idea. All right. So it looks like the Germans were the first ones to
[12:23] use it as a country. And it looks like FDR implemented it during World War II. And then
[12:30] the uniform time act of 1966, which is what you were talking about. Yep. Um, because basically
[12:38] there was no uniform rules about daylight savings time in the U S from 1945 to 1966 to figure out
[12:45] how to tell time. All right. Well, my goodness, it took us till the sixties to figure out how
[12:54] to tell time. Hmm. And it might be Benjamin Franklin's idea, but, uh, it also seems like
[13:02] the Germans are really good at telling time. It turns out, so the Romans probably had, uh,
[13:07] water clocks that, uh, that they changed. Okay. Uh, tidbit based on, uh, since we were talking
[13:19] about Indiana. So a 2008 study examined billing data in Indiana before and after it adopted
[13:26] daylight saving time in 2006 and concluded that daylight saving time increased overall
[13:32] residential electricity consumption by one to 4% do mostly to after extra afternoon cooling
[13:40] and extra morning heating. Hmm. And what's more is to my understanding,
[13:47] daylight savings time also creates, uh, absenteeism at work. So it's actually,
[13:54] it's actually a huge, uh, money suck at the end of the day. Wow. Interesting. Uh, oh, uh,
[14:01] real quickly. Uh, even though the Germans were the first to use it a country wide, uh, little
[14:07] known fact, the Canadians invented it in 1908, the residents of Port Arthur, Ontario turn their
[14:15] clocks forward by one hour to start the world's first daylight standard time. Yeah. And in true
[14:21] American fashion, I'm just going to edit that right out of the pod. Yes. Oh no. Oh my God. Sorry.
[14:32] I've got to stop the show. Oh my God. Ancient civilizations are known to have engaged in
[14:39] comparable practices thousands of years ago. For example, the Roman water clocks use different
[14:44] scales for different months of the year to adjust the, to solar time.
[14:52] But that's not daylight. I don't understand why that's just them being smart about the fact
[14:56] that the sun rises and sets at different times that they knew the earth was round,
[15:01] which proves that they're more advanced than our current civilization.
[15:05] That's all that does. They understood that the length of days changed. All right. Fair enough.
[15:12] But has anyone ever seen a real picture of the earth? I don't think so.
[15:16] Not a real one. There was, if you haven't seen Charlie's flat earth picture
[15:23] for his fantasy team, you should check it out immediately. It's super awesome.
[15:29] There was a great, uh, gag on, uh, way, way, don't tell me. And they said,
[15:32] if the world was flat, there would just be cats on the edge knocking stuff off.
[15:35] Well, yeah, that's cause they had, that's cause they had Scott,
[15:38] commander Scott Kelly on who is, yeah. And he was totally like, dude,
[15:44] if the world was flat, that'd be like the most awesome place to go.
[15:46] Everybody would go there. I'd build a house there.
[15:50] Be sweet. Great. Kind of shuts down the argument, doesn't it?
[15:55] I mean, only if you think that, you know, commander Scott Kelly isn't, uh, you know,
[16:00] total liar. And if there's one thing we know about astronauts and engineers,
[16:07] world edge property, it seems like a pretty good argument.
[16:10] I'm going to start that company.
[16:15] All right, guys, I think there's about time to get going.
[16:19] All this, uh, time and space geography.
[16:28] Change the water clocks for solar time.
[16:30] Yep. Yep. We are done.